Foreign Direct Investment: Starbucks Case Essay

RequirementsThe solecism should address all the questions translated plus any redundant issues the group members feel be pertinent to the case and include a comprehensive update on the connections situation since the time of the case. The case should be written up and presented in case format scenario, problem to be solved or decision to be made, alternatives with the pros and cons of each and finally the testimony with the ac companionshiping rationale.Foreign Direct Investment Starbucks CaseBackgroundGeneralThirty social classs past Starbucks was a single store in Seattles Pike Place Market selling bonus roasted umber tree. Today it is a global roaster and retailer of chocolate with over 7,000 stores in U.S. and outside U.S. Starbucks Co. specialise out on its current course in the 1980s when the companys director of marketplace came back from a trip to Italy enchanted with the Italian coffeehouse find. Schultz persuaded the companys owner to experimentation with th e coffeehouse format-and the Starbucks experience was born. The basic dodge was to sell the companys own premium roasted coffee, along with freshly brewed espresso-style coffee beverages, a variety of pastries, coffee accessories, teas, and separate products, in a tastily designed coffeehouse setting.The company also stressed providing superior customer service. Reasoning that motivated employees provide the best customer service, Starbucks executives devoted a lot of attention to employee hiring and training programs and progressive compensation policies that gave in time part-time employees stock option grants and medical benefits. The formula met with spectacular success in the unite States, where Starbucks went from obscurity to one of the best known inciters in the country in a decade. (Hill, 2003)The high societys intention is to establish Starbucks as the most recognized and respected disgrace in the world. Starbucks purchases and roasts high- character reference unhur t bean coffees and sells them along with fresh, rich-brewed, Italian style espresso beverages, a variety of pastries and confections, and coffee- tie in accessories and equipment primarily through its company-operated retail stores. In addition to gross gross sales through our company-operated retail stores, Starbucks sells on the whole bean coffees through a curio sales group and supermarkets. Additionally, Starbucks produces and sells bottled Frappuccino coffee drink and a contrast of premium ice creams through its say venture partnerships and offers a line of innovative premium teas produced by its wholly owned subsidiary, Tazo Tea Company.The Company divides its operation into two segments, united States and International, each of which include Company-operated retail stores and Specialty trading operations.1.Company-operated Retail StoresThe Companys retail goal is to pass the leading retailer and brand of coffee in each of its target markets by selling the finest qua lity coffee and related products and by providing superior customer service, thereby building a high academic degree of customer loyalty. Starbucks strategy for expanding its retail line of products is to increase its market share in existing markets primarily by opening additional stores and to open stores in bleak markets where the opportunity exists to become the leading specialty coffee retailer.All Starbucks stores offer a choice of regular and decaffeinated coffee beverages, a broad infusion of Italian-style espresso beverages, cold blended beverages, iced shaken refreshment beverages and a endurance of teas and distinctively packaged roasted whole bean coffees. Starbucks stores also offer a selection of fresh pastries and other food items, sodas, juices, coffee-making equipment and accessories, a selection of compact discs, games and seasonal novelty items. Each Starbucks store varies its product mix depending upon the size of the store and its location.bigger stores car ry a broad selection of the Companys whole bean coffees in dissimilar sizes and types of packaging, as well as an assortment of coffee and espresso-making equipment and accessories such as coffee grinders, coffeemakers, coffeefilters, remembering containers, travel tumblers and mugs. Smaller Starbucks stores and kiosks typically sell a full line of coffee beverages, a exceptional selection of whole bean coffees and a few accessories such as travel tumblers and logo mugs. somewhat 1,200 stores carry a selection of grab and go sandwiches and salads. During fiscal 2003, the Companys retail sales mix by product type was comprised of almost 78% beverages, 12% food items, 5% whole bean coffees and 5% coffee-making equipment and accessories.2.Specialty OperationsStarbucks Specialty Operations strive to develop the Starbucks brand outside the Company-operated retail store environment through a number of channels. Starbucks strategy is to reach customers where they work, travel, shop an d dine by establishing relationships with prominent third parties that share the Companys values and commitment to quality. These relationships take various forms including licensing arrangements, foodservice accounts and other initiatives related to the Companys core affaires. In certain situations, Starbucks has an equity ownership interest in licensee operations. During fiscal 2003, specialty revenues (which include royalties and fees from licensees as well as product sales derived from Specialty Operations) accounted for approximately 15% of total take in revenues.Go InternationalThe US coffee-bar market may be stint saturation. Further, Starbucks store base is also maturing, leading to a slowdown in the growth of unit great deal and firm profitability. In response, Starbucks has turned its attention to foreign markets for continued growth.ObjectiveStarbucks mission for multinational organic evolution is to be a global company, making a difference in peoples lives by leve raging our brand and the coffee experience to foster human connections. The Starbucks Experience is aboutpassion for a quality product, nice customer service, and people.The Companys objective is to establish Starbucks as the most recognized and respected brand in the world. To achieve this goal, the company plans to continue rapid enlargement of its retail operations, to grow its Specialty Operations and to selectively pursue other opportunities to leverage the Starbucks brand through the introduction of new products and the development of new channels of distribution.In doing global business, Starbucks greatly consider local anesthetic culture as mentioned by Howard Schultz that Starbucks inhabit highly respectful of the culture and traditions of the countries in which we do business. Starbucks also recognizes that its success is not an entitlement, and Starbucks must continue to earn the trust and respect of customers any day.Entry ModeIn 1995, the firm established a subsidia ry called Starbucks Coffee International Inc. This group is responsible for all Starbucks business development outside northwards America, including developing new businesses, financing and planning stores, managing operations and logistics, merchandising, and training and developing Starbucks international managers.Starbucks first non-North American store was opened in 1996 in Tokyo. Starbucks initially used licensing agreement for its global strategy. Because Starbucks wanted to break business strategy in Japan market, it changed the strategy by establishing joint venture with a local retailer, Sazaby, Inc. Then, Starbucks licensed its business format to the joint venture company.After entering into the Japanese market, Starbucks increased the measure of international expansion significantly. In 1998, Starbucks acquired Seattle Coffee Company in the linked Kingdom, a chain with more than 60 retail locations. That same year, it opened stores in Taiwan, Thailand, saucy Zealand , and Malaysia. In 1999, Starbucks opened in mainland China (Beijing), Kuwait,South Korea, and Lebanon. In 2000, it entered another seven markets (China Hong Kong and Shanghai, Dubai, Australia, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and Bahrain). It added three markets in 2001 (Switzerland, Israel, and Austria). In 2002, another golf club markets were opened (Oman, Spain, Indonesia, Germany, Southern China Macau and Shenzhen, Mexico, Puerto Rico, and Greece).In Asia, the most common strategy used by Starbucks was chthonian licensing agreement. But due to similar fountain such as in Japan, Starbucks converted licensing format to joint venture or wholly owned subsidiaries. Thailand, for example, Starbucks acquired its licensee operator to gain control over the expansion strategy in Thailand. In South Korea, Starbucks chose to use joint venture.However, Starbucks development strategy adapts to different markets addressing local inescapably and requirements. They shortly use three business strateg iesJoint venturesLicensesCompany-owned operationsAs of At fiscal year end 2003, the Company had a total of 1,257 licensed retail stores in 28 countries managed by the Companys international divisions and located as followsAsia-Pacific (9 countries) 968Europe/Middle East/Africa (13 countries) 176Americas (6 countries) 113Total1.257ResultsStarbucks is well on its counseling to becoming a global brand. According to Business Week The Starbucks name and image connect with zillions of consumers rough the globe. It was one of the fastest-growing brands in a Business Week survey of the top 100 global brands promulgated August 5 2002. But becoming a global company is not without risks. Global expansion poses huge risks for Starbucks. For one thing, it makes less money on each overseas store because most of them are operated with local partners. While that makes it easier to start up on foreign turf, it reduces the companys share of the kale to only 20% to 50%.The Companys financial perf ormance is highly dependent upon the retail operations of the United States operating segment. The Companys International operating segment (excluding Canada) is not currently profitable, and its international stores and licensees may not be successful in their operations or in achieving pass judgment growth. Some factors critical to the success of the Companys international stores and licensees are different than those affecting the United States stores and licensees. The economies of a number of the international markets in which Starbucks and its licensees operate have been weak in recent years. Tastes of course vary by region, and consumers in the new international markets into which Starbucks and its licensees expand may not embrace products and service to the same extent as consumers in the Companys existing United States markets.Occupancy be and store operating expenses are sometimes higher(prenominal) internationally than in the United States due to higher rents for prime , inner-city store locations or due to local laws that make it more expensive to retain or rout out employees. The Companys International operations are also subject to the inherent risks of foreign funds fluctuations and changes in economic, social and political conditions. Because the Companys International operations are in an early(a) phase of development and have country-specific regulatory requirements, they require a more comprehensive field organization, compared to the United States, to provide resources and respond to the business needs in each region.Though international total net revenues increased by $142.4 million, or 30.9%, to International specialty revenues increased $26.1 million, or 28.1%, to $119.1million in fiscal 2003, excluding Canadian operations, operating losses increased by 11.1% to $18.5 million in fiscal 2003, compared to an operating loss of $16.7 million in fiscal 2002.RecommendationsAlternativeStarbucks can simply choose licensing for all internati onal expansion. This method give reduce possibility that company absorbs operating loss from business partners. By licensing its format, Starbucks gain license fees and royal line from licensee. Another benefit is that license agreement requires relatively low initial investment for company. This will greatly improve company cash flow.However, behind the some benefits, licensing also has disadvantages. Company can not confide tight control over licensee for business strategy or marketing. For company like Starbucks which has aggressive business passion, license agreement doesnt provide sufficient freedom to develop potential market. Another reason is that company know-how need to be delivered. Starbucks has competitive advantage in valuable management knowledge related to branding and operations of retail coffee stores. The other reason is that licensing opens possibility for potential foreign companys competitors to learn about companys know-how.RecommendationsThough Starbucks tr iumphed in North American, the other international segment hasnt significantly contributed to Starbucks income yet. This was partially contributed by Internationals proportionate share of net losses in Starbucks Japan reporting an annual net loss of $3.87 million.Japan market is a good example. With 486 stores, it is easy to find Starbuckslogo in Japan, the site of its biggest expansion outside the US. The issue bedevilment investors is over saturation. Starbucks are vying for too few customers in Japan where also has so many coffee shops.Starbucks should consider about its strategy for international market. In U.S. and Canada market, the strategy to blanket an area completely, even if the stores have one anothers business, might be applicable. But for each international market, which has unique regional and community acceptance, the strategy shouldnt be so aggressive. Furthermore, Starbucks should address local taste in every region. For example, in Asia country such in Japan and China, people have more long experience to drink tea rather than coffee. Therefore, demands on coffee beverages in those regions are different from market in North America.Starbucks should also setup a standardized methodology to select markets for entry or foster expansion. In addition, Starbucks should investigate further to identify which investment get down is the best in the intended market because the market environment is changing. A certain investment approach maybe is not suitable for a market anymore. By joint venture as an investment approach, Starbucks has tight control over business strategy in a certain country. In other hand, the consequence of joint venture approach is that Starbucks has to absorb proportionately when the joint venture company suffers loss.UpdateStarbucks enter FranceOne of the traditional of French coffee shop life the small, china cup of strong, black coffee is under assault from a freak of American cultural globalization. Frances first Star bucks coffeehouse opened on January, 2004, giving Parisians a smoke-free but generally more expensive (An espresso at a counter of a French coffeehouse typically sets you back $1.25, while a shot of coffee costs $2 at Starbucks and a medium caramel frappuccino, for example, goes for $5.62.). Starbucks offers a new caf atmosphere which will sweepaway a centuries-old addiction to espresso coffee and croissants in a noisy cafe spiced with the smoke of Gauloise. In the worlds cafe capital, the Seattle-based chain has much the same feel as anywhere else there are comfortable sofas, and the soundtrack is sock music and frappuccinos in the blender.However, with an increasing number of young French people living and traveling abroad, the company hopes its concept of bright, friendly coffee bars will find a warm welcome among those who disfavour grumpy barmen and cigarette smoke. Starbucks is confident that a younger generation holds the key to financial success, but the figures establi sh that even they havent completely abandoned the idea of corner cafes. Only 15 percent of clients to French coffee bars have their coffee to take away. The rest prefer to take a seat and drink it there.ReferenceStarbucks website. www.starbucks.comCharles W. L. Hill. International Business Competing in the Global Marketplace 4th Edition. New York McGraw Hill/Irwin, 2003Starbucks Corporation Competing in a Global Market. UW Business School. April 7, 2003Starbucks 10-K Report. SEC Fillings. September 28, 2003. artificial satellite Starbucks. Business Week. September 9, 2002. p.102Trouble brewing for Starbucks in Japan. Bloomberg. June 11 2003. http//www.theage.com.auIan Messer.Japans coffee shops spill over. Bloomberg News. May 21, 2003Caroline Wyatt. Starbucks invades Parisian cafe culture. January 15, 2004.http//news.bbc.co.uk.